This includes the full working loads (live loads, superimposed dead loads). By this time, the prestress has reduced due to losses ($P_e$).

$$ f = \fracP_eA \pm \fracP_e \cdot e \cdot yI \pm \fracM_total \cdot yI $$

Before you proceed, understand that course textbooks are protected by copyright. N. Rajagopalan and his publisher (often Universities Press or related entities) own the intellectual property. Downloading a pirated PDF from unauthorized websites (such as Library Genesis, PDF Drive, or random blogspots) is:

A critical concept highlighted in the text is the Kern Zone (or Core Zone). This is the area within the cross-section where the prestressing force can be applied without causing tension anywhere in the section. For a rectangular section, the kern points are located at one-sixth of the depth from the center on either side.

The book contains approximately 50-60 fully solved numerical problems. Copy these into your notebook by hand. The act of writing the equations and steps builds muscle memory for exams.

Sites like Amazon Used Books, eBay, or AbeBooks sometimes sell the physical book for as little as $5. You can then scan the specific chapters you need (for personal use).

Search for "Prestressed Concrete Question Papers (VTU/ANU/Pune University)" online. Use Rajagopalan’s index to find the exact topics and page numbers that answer those questions.