A significant portion of Mall’s work discusses the Software Requirements Specification (SRS) . A good PPT here will include:

The PPT usually kicks off with a comparison chart. Look for slides detailing:

Slide Tip: The best PPTs use flowcharts (drawn in Visio or similar) to show the feedback paths in the Spiral model. If the slide is just text, it’s a bad PPT.

Maintenance starts after the software is delivered. It is often the most expensive phase of the software lifecycle.

Types of Maintenance:

Legacy Systems: Old systems that are still in use but are difficult to maintain. Strategies include wrapping, migration, or replacement.


This is the most critical phase of the SDLC. The output is the Software Requirements Specification (SRS) document.

Key Characteristics of a Good SRS:

Requirement Elicitation Techniques:


A software process model is an abstract representation of a software process. Rajib Mall categorizes these models into two main types: